To which two layers did Maslow later add to his original hierarchy?

To which two layers did Maslow later add to his original hierarchy?

• A. Physiological layer and Safety
• B. Love and Belonging and Esteem
• C. Self Actualization and Cognitive
• D. Cognitive layer and Aesthetic layer

Answer: (D)

Maslow’s expanded pyramid adds two higher-order needs on top of his original five. The two layers he introduced are cognitive needs and aesthetic needs. Cognitive needs involve the desire to know, understand, and explore, while aesthetic needs involve the appreciation of beauty, symmetry, and balance. These sit above self-actualization in the extended model, representing growth-oriented motivators beyond the basics, social needs, and self-actualization. The other options mix in needs from the original five, which Maslow did not add later.

Maslow’s expanded pyramid adds two higher-order needs on top of his original five. The two layers he introduced are cognitive needs and aesthetic needs. Cognitive needs involve the desire to know, understand, and explore, while aesthetic needs involve the appreciation of beauty, symmetry, and balance. These sit above self-actualization in the extended model, representing growth-oriented motivators beyond the basics, social needs, and self-actualization. The other options mix in needs from the original five, which Maslow did not add later.